Predictores electrocardiográficos de terapias apropiadas del cardiodesfibrilador automático implantable
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Introducción: La identificación de predictores de terapias apropiadas del cardiodesfibrilador automático implantable (CDAI) permite mejorar la estratificación de riesgo de muerte súbita cardíaca. Los choques del dispositivo disminuyen la supervivencia y la calidad de vida.
Objetivo: Determinar predictores electrocardiográficos de terapias apropiadas del CDAI.
Método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo en 38 pacientes con primoimplante de CDAI en dos centros de atención terciaria de salud, en el periodo enero 2017 a marzo 2020. En un electrocardiograma previo al implante se analizaron las variables: intervalo QT, dispersión del intervalo QT, fragmentación QRS (fQRS), intervalo pico-final onda T(Tp-f), dispersión del Tp-f (dTp-f), anchura del QRS y dispersión del QRS. La terapia apropiada del CDAI (choque y/o terapia antitaquicardia) fue la variable de seguimiento, con media de seguimiento de 35,4 ± 15,5 meses.
Resultados: Se encontró asociación estadística entre el Tp-f (p=0,016), la dTp-f (p= 0,028) y la fQRS (p=0,004) y las terapias apropiadas del CDAI. La fQRS (RR 6,260, IC 95 % 1,558-25,147; p=0,010) y la dTp-f (RR 1,069, IC 95 % 1,005-1,137; p=0,033) se identificaron como predictores independiente. La curva ROC del Tp-f y dTp-f mostraron áreas bajo la curva de (0,742, IC 95 % 0,561-0,923; p=0,018) y (0,724 IC 95 % 0,541-0,908; p= 0,028); respectivamente. Tp-f de 90 ms mostró sensibilidad 75 % y especificidad de 73,1 % y dTp-f de 30 ms sensibilidad 66,7 % y especificidad 76,9 % para predecir terapias apropiadas del CDAI. La supervivencia acumulada libre de terapias apropiadas del CDAI es estadísticamente menor en los pacientes con Tp-f ≥ 90ms (p= 0,0031), dTp-f ≥ 30 ms (p= 0,0031) y con fQRS (p= 0,0031).
Conclusiones: La fQRS y el Tp-f y su dispersión son predictores de terapias apropiadas del CDAI.
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Referencias
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Copyright (c) 2021 Marleny Cruz Cardentey, Daniel Patricio Gordón Falconi, Alain Gutierrez Lopez, Ana Mengana Betancourt, Margarita Dorantes Sánchez, Jesús Castro Hevia, Osmín Castañeda Chirino, Frank Martínez López, Roylán Falcón Rodríguez, Yoanna de Zayas Galguera, Inty Quiñones Milán, Katerine de la Vega Varcalcel
Esta obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional.
