Rehabilitación cardiovascular en pacientes en etapa pos-COVID-19
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Introducción: La rehabilitación cardiopulmonar cuenta con un grupo multidisciplinario e interdisciplinario de diversas especialidades como fisiatras, cardiólogos, terapeutas, neumólogos, psicólogos, entre otros. El equipo de especialistas trabaja con los pacientes de manera individualizada para mejorar sus condiciones fÃsicas y fisiológicas. Se aplica a pacientes con problemas cardÃacos o pulmonares; se realizan evaluaciones y programas personalizados para la prevención y reducción de nuevas complicaciones cardiopulmonares. Debido a la alta prevalencia de pacientes con COVID-19 es necesario la aplicación adecuada del tratamiento rehabilitador cardiorrespiratorio con la finalidad de mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes, lograr su integración a la sociedad y disminuir sus limitaciones invalidantes. Existen evidencias del manejo adecuado del ejercicio fÃsico cardiorrespiratorio y la aplicación de las técnicas a nivel global para mejorar la higiene bronquial, aumentar la resistencia, fortalecer las paredes del aparato cardiovascular y mejorar el estado de salud de los pacientes.
Objetivo: Valorar la eficacia del ejercicio cardiorrespiratorio en pacientes en etapa pos-COVID-19.
Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva de documentos cientÃficos dedicada a la mejorÃa de los pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares, mediante la terapia fÃsica. Para lo cual se revisaron las siguientes fuentes: PubMed, SciELO y Google Académico. Se seleccionaron artÃculos originales y revisiones sistemáticas, en el perÃodo del 2020 al 2022, en idiomas español e inglés, incluyendo como palabras clave ejercicio cardiorrespiratorio; enfermedades cardiovasculares, pos-COVID-19.
Conclusiones: Los autores de los artÃculos revisados coinciden en que existe una mejorÃa de todos los pacientes incorporados a la rehabilitación cardiopulmonar en etapa pos-Covid-19, lo que eleva su calidad de vida y mejora sus condiciones fÃsicas.
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