Consenso mundial sobre las guías de intervención para rehabilitación cardiaca
Resumen
Introducción:La rehabilitación cardiovascular (RCV) se considera como un modelo de atención integral que representa una continuidad en la prevención secundaria de las enfermedades cardiovasculares con múltiples beneficios.
Objetivo: Unir las diferentes guías a nivel mundial para lograr determinar la existencia de un consenso mundial para la atención de los pacientes en rehabilitación cardiaca.
Materiales y métodos: Se realizaron búsquedas de las guías de diferentes países de todo el mundo, desde el año 2000 hasta Diciembre del año 2018. Dicha búsqueda fue realizada en diferentes bases de datos como: Scielo, Medline, Medscape, PubMed Central, EMBASE, Redalyc, DOAJ y OVID; también, se realizaron búsquedas en revistas especializadas y/o organizaciones académicas y científicas de 21 países.
Resultados: Se encontraron 28 guías y/o documentos de 21 países diferentes a nivel mundial. Dichos documentos de RCV en EE.UU., Canadá y Europa recomiendan que los pacientes pasen del ejercicio aeróbico de resistencia moderada a vigorosa a lo largo del programa. Sin embargo, aquellos en el Reino Unido, Australia y Nueva Zelanda especifican ejercicios de menor intensidad y menos evaluación técnica de la capacidad funcional. Además, el 50% de los documentos recolectados, no presentan recomendaciones especiales y las que si, no dan recomendaciones especificas sobre su prescripción e intervención.
Conclusiones: Existe un consenso donde se menciona que la RCV genera mejoras en la capacidad funcional, la fuerza física, factores de riesgo cardiovascular y calidad de vida. Pero, se evidencia una ausencia de recomendaciones globales sobre la intensidad y tipo de ejercicio en el entrenamiento de fuerza y HIIT en el área de rehabilitación cardíaca.
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Referencias
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Copyright (c) 2020 Javier Pereira Rodriguez, Devi Geesel Peñaranda Florez, Ricardo Pereira Rodriguez, Ximena Velásquez Badillo, Juan Camilo Quintero Gómez, Karla Noelly Santamaría Pérez, Oscar Alejandro Sanchez Cajero, Jesús Alberto Avendaño Aguilar
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